{"id":7991,"date":"2023-06-05T08:26:41","date_gmt":"2023-06-05T08:26:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/?p=7991"},"modified":"2023-06-05T11:01:40","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T11:01:40","slug":"akcni-vyzkum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/","title":{"rendered":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"7991\" class=\"elementor elementor-7991\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-71bb957f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-gap-beside-yes elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-column-vertical-align-stretch\" data-id=\"71bb957f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-483868d4\" data-id=\"483868d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65ac1ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"65ac1ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.16.0 - 17-10-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #1e1e1e;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\"><b>Studujete-li pedagogiku, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce budete realizovat ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. T\u00edm se Va\u0161e akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ve zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit skute\u010dn\u00e9 u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 V\u00e1s dost mo\u017en\u00e1 zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b samotn\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed. Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a co obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a proveden\u00ed?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Podstatou ak\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu a znakem, kter\u00fd jej odli\u0161uje od klasick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, je snaha o prosazen\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 zm\u011bny. P\u0159itom jednat se m\u00e1 o zm\u011bnu, kter\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fd probl\u00e9m z praxe. To je nazna\u010deno adjektivem \u201eak\u010dn\u00ed\u201c. Jak podot\u00fdk\u00e1 Hendl (2016), tento typ v\u00fdzkumu nen\u00ed hodnotov\u011b neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed a m\u00e1 ideologick\u00e9 pozad\u00ed. To je d\u00e1no pr\u00e1v\u011b jeho ak\u010dn\u00ed podstatou, nebo\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e1 z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e1 zm\u011bna je vedena v duchu ur\u010dit\u00fdch hodnot, tj. p\u0159edstavami o tom, co je \u0161patn\u011b (probl\u00e9m v praxi) a co dob\u0159e (stav praxe dosa\u017een\u00fd prosazen\u00edm navrhovan\u00e9 zm\u011bny).<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum tedy vedle sv\u00e9 (v klasick\u00e9m smyslu) v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti, jej\u00edm\u017e p\u0159edm\u011btem je prozkoumat ur\u010dit\u00fd jev, zahrnuje i n\u00e1vrh \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a jeho n\u00e1slednou implementaci prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00fdch intervenc\u00ed (ak\u010dn\u00edch krok\u016f) p\u0159\u00edmo v praxi.<\/p>\n<p>A\u010dkoli je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum velmi \u010dasto spojov\u00e1n s oblast\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kde m\u00e1 tradi\u010dn\u011b sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto, jeho uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed lze nal\u00e9zt i v jin\u00fdch oblastech, jako je management nebo zdravotnictv\u00ed. My se zam\u011b\u0159\u00edme na kontext pedagogick\u00e9 praxe.\u00a0<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\">Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v t\u00e9to oblasti m\u00e1 oby\u010dejn\u011b za sv\u016fj p\u0159edm\u011bt \u0161kolu, t\u0159\u00eddu nebo ur\u010dit\u00fd typ v\u00fdukov\u00e9 situace.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum prov\u00e1d\u00ed lid\u00e9 z praxe<\/h3>\n<p>Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 po\u017eadavky nejen na to, co je jeho obsahem, ale tak\u00e9 na toho, kdo ho vykon\u00e1v\u00e1. Jeho smysl spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee ho prov\u00e1d\u00ed lid\u00e9 z praxe, nebo\u0165 u nich je p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee problematiku, kterou m\u00e1 v\u00fdzkum \u0159e\u0161it, d\u016fv\u011brn\u011b znaj\u00ed. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se jich, ve sv\u00e9 praxi se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed s jej\u00edmi projevy, jsou p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdmi sv\u011bdky.<\/p>\n<p>Uveden\u00e1 \u00favaha je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed konceptu pedagoga-badatele, s n\u00edm\u017e p\u0159i\u0161el v\u00fdznamn\u00fd teoretik vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed John Elliott. V jeho pojet\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum neslou\u017e\u00ed pouze k prosazen\u00ed zm\u011bny v tom, jak se d\u011blaj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u011bci, ale tak\u00e9 k rozvoji kompetenc\u00ed jeho samotn\u00fdch akt\u00e9r\u016f, prim\u00e1rn\u011b tedy u\u010ditele-badatele, kter\u00fd v\u00fdzkum prov\u00e1d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum je po\u0159\u00e1d v\u00fdzkum<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdzkum je i ten ak\u010dn\u00ed v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b systematick\u00fd. Je p\u0159edem napl\u00e1novan\u00fd, m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd design a c\u00edle, op\u00edr\u00e1 se v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 metody, zpravidla metody kvalitativn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, ale nevyh\u00fdb\u00e1 se ani pr\u00e1ci s kvantitativn\u00edmi daty, nap\u0159. pokud pedagog p\u0159i v\u00fdzkumu pou\u017eije dotazn\u00edk se \u0161k\u00e1lami.<\/p>\n<p>Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum zahrnuje metody sb\u011bru dat, nap\u0159. rozhovory, dotazn\u00edkov\u00e9 \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, a metody anal\u00fdzy dat, nap\u0159. tematick\u00e1\/obsahov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161k\u00e1l.<\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum orientov\u00e1n na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu v pedagogick\u00e9 praxi, zahrnuje sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed dat v r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to praxe (realizace didaktick\u00e9ho projektu, s\u00e9rie lekc\u00ed na ur\u010dit\u00e9 t\u00e9ma apod.), anal\u00fdzu t\u011bchto dat a n\u00e1sledn\u011b i pedagogickou reflexi.<\/p>\n<p>Pedagogick\u00e1 reflexe m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt pojata schematicky (nap\u0159. 3Z \u2013 Co zachov\u00e1m? Co zm\u011bn\u00edm? Co zru\u0161\u00edm?), m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt souvisl\u00fdm textem, kter\u00fd zhodnot\u00ed aplikace postup\u016f jeden po druh\u00e9m, nebo m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kombinac\u00ed oboj\u00edho.<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdzkum se odv\u00edj\u00ed od v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu. U ak\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b probl\u00e9m z praxe (p\u0159\u00edkladem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f s ur\u010ditou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed pot\u0159ebou do b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v\u00fduky), ale sekund\u00e1rn\u011b mus\u00edte m\u00edt i v\u00fdzkumn\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Zpravidla typu, zda jsou ur\u010dit\u00e9 intervence sm\u011b\u0159ovan\u00e9 k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed vybran\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu z praxe efektivn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem.<\/p>\n<p>Tedy V\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdzkum vych\u00e1z\u00ed z kladen\u00ed ot\u00e1zek, na kter\u00e9 zat\u00edm nev\u00edte odpov\u011b\u010f. Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum nen\u00ed prost\u00fdm nastolen\u00edm odpov\u011bdi. Je polo\u017een\u00edm ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 zodpov\u00edte prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Va\u0161\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s implementac\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 praxe. Navzdory Va\u0161im hypot\u00e9z\u00e1m mus\u00edte b\u00fdt nezaujat\u00fdm pozorovatelem, kter\u00fd je ochoten vid\u011bt to, co nefunguje, stejn\u011b jako to, co funguje.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Sb\u011br dat<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 1.5em;\"><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\">Pro ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum je b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee sb\u00edr\u00e1te data r\u016fzn\u00e9ho typu (kvalitativn\u00ed i kvantitativn\u00ed), d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je u toho typu v\u00fdzkumu snadn\u00e9 splnit princip triangulace (<a href=\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/03\/25\/triangulace\/\"><mark>pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed k tomuto principu klikn\u011bte zde<\/mark><\/a>). V\u00fdstupy \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kter\u00e9 konstituuj\u00ed d\u016fkaz o u\u010den\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt ve form\u011b psan\u00fdch text\u016f \u010di obr\u00e1zk\u016f, kter\u00e9 seberete na konci v\u00fdukov\u00e9 jednotky, ale tak\u00e9 verb\u00e1ln\u00ed. Proto je na m\u00edst\u011b vytvo\u0159it audio \u010di videoz\u00e1znam, ke kter\u00e9mu se m\u016f\u017eete opakovan\u011b vr\u00e1tit.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011bla b\u00fdt promy\u0161lena p\u0159edem, m\u011bli byste m\u00edt jasno, jak V\u00e1m nasb\u00edran\u00e1 data umo\u017en\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u011bt na Va\u0161e v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky. M\u011bla by tvo\u0159it s\u00e9rii pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich bylo provedeno stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum je t\u0159eba zalo\u017eit na teorii<\/h3>\n<p>Na probl\u00e9m z praxe, kter\u00fd chcete \u0159e\u0161it, m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ij\u00edt na z\u00e1klad\u011b vlastn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti\u00a0a jist\u011b budete m\u00edt i vlastn\u00ed p\u0159edstavy o tom, jak ho \u0159e\u0161it. To ale neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee sv\u016fj ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum nepropoj\u00edte s existuj\u00edc\u00edmi teoriemi a poznatky o stavu zkouman\u00e9 praxe.<\/p>\n<p>Osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enost s ur\u010dit\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem je vhodn\u00e9 podpo\u0159it studiemi (nebo alespo\u0148 obh\u00e1jen\u00fdmi z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00fdmi pracemi), kter\u00e9 jeho existenci potvrzuj\u00ed. Postupy volen\u00e9 k jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed by se m\u011bly op\u00edrat o v\u011bdeck\u00fdmi poznatky podlo\u017een\u00e9, etablovan\u00e9 postupy. Adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed propojen\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti s teori\u00ed prop\u016fj\u010duje Va\u0161im v\u00fdsledk\u016fm d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum nezobec\u0148uje na populaci<\/h3>\n<p>Z\u00e1m\u011brem ak\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu nen\u00ed zkoumat reprezentativn\u00ed vzorek a n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vzt\u00e1hnout na \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed populaci. Tento typ zobecn\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00edmu v\u00fdzkumu vlastn\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd vzorek bude tvo\u0159it ur\u010dit\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda \u010di ur\u010dit\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ci, v\u00fdzkum bude zasazen do specifick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u0161koly \u010di n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo \u0161kol. Va\u0161e detailn\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed nepovede k z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm, kter\u00e9 lze automaticky vzt\u00e1hnout na jin\u00e9 \u0161koly, t\u0159\u00eddy a \u017e\u00e1ky.<\/p>\n<p>To neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee vysok\u00e1 efektivita postup\u016f, kter\u00e9 jste ov\u011b\u0159ovali v r\u00e1mci v\u00fdzkumu, nem\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat inspiraci pro jin\u00e9 u\u010ditele. Jestli\u017ee byly ur\u010dit\u00e9 postupy efektivn\u00ed za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, je mo\u017en\u00e9 \u017ee budou efektivn\u00ed i v jin\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se sv\u00fdmi vlastnosti z\u00e1sadn\u011b od toho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho neli\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jeliko\u017e v ak\u010dn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumu nejde o zobecn\u011bn\u00ed na populaci, nelze hovo\u0159it o kvantitativn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 strategii, a tedy je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum z podstaty v\u011bci zalo\u017een na kvalitativn\u00edch strategi\u00edch. I tak m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat pr\u00e1ci s kvantitativn\u00edmi daty.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum?<\/h3>\n<p>V literatu\u0159e lze naj\u00edt \u0159adu model\u016f ak\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu reprezentovan\u00fdch r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sch\u00e9maty. My si ve stru\u010dnosti uvedeme koncept ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho Johna Elliotta publikovan\u00fd v jeho knize \u201eAction Research for Educational Change\u201c (1991). Elliott zakl\u00e1d\u00e1 strukturu ak\u010dn\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu na cyklu o p\u011bti f\u00e1z\u00edch:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>F\u00e1ze 1<\/b>: <b>Identifikace a vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed obecn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky<\/b>.\u00a0<span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\">V tomto bod\u011b identifikujete probl\u00e9m, pop\u0159. ne vysloven\u011b probl\u00e9m, ale p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed praxe, a formulujete ot\u00e1zku, kter\u00e1 Va\u0161i my\u0161lenku (probl\u00e9m \u010di p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost) propoj\u00ed s akc\u00ed. Jeden z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f v Elliott (1991): \u201e\u017d\u00e1ci nejsou spokojen\u00ed se zp\u016fsoby, jimi\u017e jsou hodnoceni. Co m\u016f\u017eeme spole\u010dn\u011b ud\u011blat pro to, abychom hodnocen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f zlep\u0161ili?\u201c (s. 72)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\"><b>F\u00e1ze 2<\/b>: <b>Pr\u016fzkum<\/b>. Popis faktick\u00e9 reality probl\u00e9mu\/p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti; vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, pro\u010d tato realita nast\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\"><b>F\u00e1ze 3<\/b>: <b>Sestaven\u00ed obecn\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nu<\/b>. Vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed obecn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky z F\u00e1ze 1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b pr\u016fzkumu z F\u00e1ze 2; Co konkr\u00e9tn\u011b zm\u011bn\u00edm? Jak to zm\u011bn\u00edm? S k\u00fdm budu zm\u011bnu koordinovat? Co k tomu budu pot\u0159ebovat (zdroje)? Jak\u00fdch etick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad se budu dr\u017eet?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\"><b>F\u00e1ze 4<\/b>: <b>Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00edch krok\u016f<\/b>. Napl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch akc\u00ed (nap\u0159. realizace ur\u010dit\u00e9 lekce); stanoven\u00ed metod monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, tj. sb\u011bru dat.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"letter-spacing: 0em;\"><b>F\u00e1ze 5<\/b>: <b>Implementace ak\u010dn\u00edch krok\u016f<\/b>. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k proveden\u00ed napl\u00e1novan\u00fdch ak\u010dn\u00edch krok\u016f, monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed situace prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sb\u011bru dat (zpravidla kombinac\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch metod) a vyhodnocen\u00ed efektivity akce.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee tento cyklus se podle Elliotta opakuje, tud\u00ed\u017e nejeden\u00e1 se o model pro ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum jako celek. To je d\u00e1no t\u00edm, \u017ee pochopen\u00ed probl\u00e9mu se m\u016f\u017ee realizac\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00edch krok\u016f zm\u011bnit a s t\u00edm se m\u016f\u017ee zm\u011bnit i dal\u0161\u00ed strategie \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud pot\u0159ebujete poradit, nev\u00e1hejte se n\u00e1m ozvat\u00a0<a style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/prokrastinacni-pohotovost-kontakt\/\"><mark>prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kontaktn\u00edho formul\u00e1\u0159e<\/mark><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"letter-spacing: normal;\">Zdroje:<\/h3>\n<p>Hendl, J. (2016). Kvalitativn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum (2. edice). Port\u00e1l.<\/p>\n<p>Elliott, J. (1991). Action Research for Educational Change. Open University Press.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Studujete-li pedagogiku, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce budete realizovat ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. T\u00edm se Va\u0161e akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ve zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit skute\u010dn\u00e9 u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 V\u00e1s dost mo\u017en\u00e1 zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b samotn\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed. Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a co obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a proveden\u00ed?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8051,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"pmpro_default_level":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[147,148,105],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jeho f\u00e1ze a postupy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a jak\u00e9 metody sb\u011bru a anal\u00fdzy dat jsou pro n\u011bj b\u011b\u017en\u00e9? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v p\u0159ehledn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Studujete-li pedagogiku, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce budete realizovat ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. T\u00edm se Va\u0161e akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ve zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit skute\u010dn\u00e9 u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 V\u00e1s dost mo\u017en\u00e1 zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b samotn\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed. Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a co obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a proveden\u00ed?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"prokrastinacnipohotovost\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/ucitelka-1920x1282.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1282\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Milan Soutor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Milan Soutor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Milan Soutor\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3274e153907a56a98f23430d9b064736\"},\"headline\":\"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\"},\"wordCount\":1716,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum\",\"Elliott\",\"kvalitativn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Metodologie v\u00fdzkumu\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\",\"name\":\"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jeho f\u00e1ze a postupy\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00\",\"description\":\"Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a jak\u00e9 metody sb\u011bru a anal\u00fdzy dat jsou pro n\u011bj b\u011b\u017en\u00e9? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v p\u0159ehledn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/\",\"name\":\"prokrastinacnipohotovost\",\"description\":\"pomoc s psan\u00edm akademick\u00fdch prac\u00ed\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Prokrastina\u010dn\u00ed Pohotovost\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/PP_logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/PP_logo.png\",\"width\":3189,\"height\":3189,\"caption\":\"Prokrastina\u010dn\u00ed Pohotovost\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3274e153907a56a98f23430d9b064736\",\"name\":\"Milan Soutor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a53bed9e1bc500fb8e26b58317dbd92f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a53bed9e1bc500fb8e26b58317dbd92f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Milan Soutor\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\",\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/author\/anonymnidoktorandi\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jeho f\u00e1ze a postupy","description":"Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a jak\u00e9 metody sb\u011bru a anal\u00fdzy dat jsou pro n\u011bj b\u011b\u017en\u00e9? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v p\u0159ehledn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum","og_description":"Studujete-li pedagogiku, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce budete realizovat ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum. T\u00edm se Va\u0161e akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee ve zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit skute\u010dn\u00e9 u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci, kter\u00e1 V\u00e1s dost mo\u017en\u00e1 zaj\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e pr\u00e1v\u011b samotn\u00e9 akademick\u00e9 psan\u00ed. Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a co obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed z hlediska pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a proveden\u00ed?","og_url":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/","og_site_name":"prokrastinacnipohotovost","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost","article_published_time":"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1920,"height":1282,"url":"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/ucitelka-1920x1282.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Milan Soutor","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Milan Soutor","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/"},"author":{"name":"Milan Soutor","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3274e153907a56a98f23430d9b064736"},"headline":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum","datePublished":"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/"},"wordCount":1716,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization"},"keywords":["ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum","Elliott","kvalitativn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum"],"articleSection":["Metodologie v\u00fdzkumu"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/","url":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/","name":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jeho f\u00e1ze a postupy","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-06-05T08:26:41+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-05T11:01:40+00:00","description":"Co je ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum v pedagogice, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 f\u00e1ze a jak\u00e9 metody sb\u011bru a anal\u00fdzy dat jsou pro n\u011bj b\u011b\u017en\u00e9? P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v p\u0159ehledn\u00e9m \u010dl\u00e1nku.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/2023\/06\/05\/akcni-vyzkum\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ak\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdzkum"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/","name":"prokrastinacnipohotovost","description":"pomoc s psan\u00edm akademick\u00fdch prac\u00ed","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#organization","name":"Prokrastina\u010dn\u00ed Pohotovost","url":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/PP_logo.png","contentUrl":"http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/PP_logo.png","width":3189,"height":3189,"caption":"Prokrastina\u010dn\u00ed Pohotovost"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3274e153907a56a98f23430d9b064736","name":"Milan Soutor","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a53bed9e1bc500fb8e26b58317dbd92f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a53bed9e1bc500fb8e26b58317dbd92f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Milan Soutor"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/prokrastinacnipohotovost\/"],"url":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/author\/anonymnidoktorandi\/"}]}},"views":214,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7991"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7991"}],"version-history":[{"count":60,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7991\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8053,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7991\/revisions\/8053"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7991"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7991"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prokrastinacnipohotovost.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7991"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}